Mabel Fitzhamon

F, b. 1090, d. 29 September 1157
Father*Robert Fitzhamon b. bt 1045 - 1055, d. Mar 1107
Mother*Sibyl de Montgomery
Name TypeDateDescription
Married Name1107As of 1107,her married name was of Gloucester.
Life EventDateDescription
Birth1090Mabel Fitzhamon was born in 1090.
She was the daughter of Robert Fitzhamon and Sibyl de Montgomery.
Marriage1107Mabel Fitzhamon married Robert of Gloucester, son of Henry I of England and Lady Sybilla Corbet, in 1107.
Death29 September 1157Mabel Fitzhamon died on 29 September 1157.
DateLocationDescription
Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester, Countess of Gloucester (1090- 29 September 1157[1]), was an Anglo-Norman noblewoman, and a wealthy heiress who brought the lordship of Gloucester, among other prestigious honours to her husband, Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester upon their marriage. He was the illegitimate son of King Henry I of England. Her father was Robert Fitzhamon, Lord of Gloucester and Glamorgan. As she was the eldest daughter of four, and her younger sisters had become nuns, Mabel inherited all of his honours and properties upon his death in 1107.

Mabel was born in Gloucestershire, England in 1090, the eldest of the three daughters of Robert FitzHamon, Lord of Gloucester and Glamorgan, and his wife, Sybil de Montgomery. Her three younger sisters, Hawise, Cecile and Amice[2] all became nuns, making Mabel the sole heiress to her father's lordships and vast estates in England, Wales, and Normandy.

Her paternal grandfather was Hamon, Sheriff of Kent. Her maternal grandparents were Roger de Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Mabel Talvas of Belleme.

In March 1107, her father died in Normandy, leaving his lordships and estates to Mabel. Her mother married secondly Jean, Sire de Raimes.[3]

Cardiff Castle in Wales, was one of the properties Mabel brought her husband, Robert upon their marriage[edit] Marriage and children
In 1107, Mabel married Robert of Caen, an illegitimate son of King Henry I by his mistress Sybil Corbet. Their marriage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis who also names her parents.[4] He would later become an important figure during the turbulent period in English history known as The Anarchy which occurred in the reign of King Stephen of England. Throughout the civil war, he was a loyal supporter of his half-sister Empress Matilda who would make him the chief commander of her army. He had originally sworn fealty to King Stephen, but after quarrelling with him in 1137, his English and Welsh possessions were forfeited, and thus he joined forces with Matilda.[5]

Mabel brought to her husband, the honours of Gloucester in England, Glamorgan in Wales, Sainte-Scholasse-sur-Sarthe, Evrecy and Creully in Normandy. By right of his wife, he became the 2nd Lord of Glamorgan, and gained possession of her father's castle of Cardiff in Wales. In August 1122, he was created 1st Earl of Gloucester; henceforth, Mabel was styled as Countess of Gloucester.

Together Robert and Mabel had at least eight children.1

Children of Mabel Fitzhamon and Robert of Gloucester

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mabel_FitzHamon_of_Gloucester

Robert Fitzhamon

M, b. between 1045 and 1055, d. March 1107
Father*Haimo of Kent d. c 1100
Name TypeDateDescription
Name VariationRobert Fitzhamon was also known as fitz Haimo.
Life EventDateDescription
Birthbetween 1045 and 1055Robert Fitzhamon was born between 1045 and 1055.
He was the son of Haimo of Kent.
Marriagebetween 1087 and 1090Robert Fitzhamon married Sibyl de Montgomery, daughter of Roger the Great de Montgomery and Mabel Talvas, between 1087 and 1090.
DeathMarch 1107Robert Fitzhamon died in March 1107.
DateLocationDescription
Robert Fitzhamon (died March 1107), or Robert FitzHamon, Sieur de Creully in the Calvados region and Torigny in the Manche region of Normandy, was Lord of Gloucester and the Norman conqueror of Glamorgan, southern Wales.

As a kinsman of the Conqueror and one of the few Anglo-Norman barons to remain loyal to the two successive kings William Rufus and Henry I of England, he was a prominent figure in England and Normandy.

Robert FitzHamon (born c. 1045-1055, d. March 1107 Falaise, Normandy) was the son of Haimo the Sheriff of Kent and grandson of Haimo Dentatus ('The Toothy', i.e., probably buck-toothed). His grand-father held the lordships of Torigny, Creully, Mézy, and Evrecy in Normandy, but following is death at the Battle of Val-ès-Dunes in 1047, the family might have lost these lordships.

Robert probably did not fight at Hastings, and does not appear in the Domesday Book, although some relatives may. He first comes to prominence as a supporter of William Rufus during the Rebellion of 1088. After the revolt failed he was rewarded with great estates in Gloucestershire and elsewhere. Some of these had belonged to the late Queen Matilda, and were supposed to be inherited by Rufus's younger brother Henry (the future Henry I); nevertheless Fitzhamon remained on good terms with Henry.

The chronology of Fitzhamon's conquest of Glamorgan is uncertain, but it probably took place in the decades after he received Gloucester.

One explanation is the legend of the Twelve Knights of Glamorgan, which dates from the 16th century, in which the Welsh Prince Iestyn ap Gwrgan (Jestin), prince or Lord of Glamorgan, supposedly called in the assistance of Robert Fitzhamon. Fitzhamon defeated the prince of South Wales Rhys ap Tewdwr in battle in 1090. With his Norman knights as reward he then took possession of Glamorgan, and "the French came into Dyned and Ceredigion, which they have still retained, and fortified the castles, and seized upon all the land of the Britons." Iestyn did not profit long by his involvement with the Normans. He was soon defeated and his lands taken in 1091.

Whether there is any truth in the legend or not Robert Fitzhamon seems to have seized control of the lowlands of Glamorgan and Gwynllwg sometime from around 1089 to 1094. His key strongholds were Cardiff Castle, which already may have been built, on the site of an old Roman fort, new castles at Newport, and at Kenfig. His descendants would inherit these castles and lands.

Rhys's daughter Nest became the mistress of King Henry I of England and allegedly was mother of Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester who married Mabel, Fitzhamon's daughter and heiress and thus had legitimacy both among the Welsh and the Norman barons.[1] (Robert of Caen's mother is however unknown to historians and genealogists).

He also refounded Tewkesbury Abbey in 1092. The abbey's dimensions are almost the same as Westminster Abbey. The first abbot was Giraldus, Abbot of Cranborne (d. 1110) who died before the abbey was consecrated in October 1121. The abbey was apparently built under the influence of his wife Sybil de Montgomery. [1], said to be a beautiful and religious woman like her sisters.

Legend has it that Robert had ominous dreams in the days before Rufus' fatal hunting expedition, which postponed but did not prevent the outing. He was one of the first to gather in tears around Rufus' corpse, and he used his cloak to cover the late king's body on its journey to be buried in Winchester. How much of these stories are the invention of later days is unknown.

In any case Fitzhamon proved as loyal to Henry I as he had been to his predecessor, remaining on Henry's side in the several open conflicts with Henry's brother Robert Curthose. He was one of the three barons who negotiated the 1101 truce between Henry I and Robert Curthose.

In 1105 he went to Normandy and was captured while fighting near his ancestral estates near Bayeux. This was one of the reasons Henry crossed the channel with a substantial force later that year. Fitzhamon was freed, and joined Henry's campaign, which proceeded to besiege Falaise. There Fitzhamon was severely injured in the head; although he lived two more years he was never the same mentally. He was buried in the Chapter House at Tewkesbury Abbey, which he had founded and considerably enriched during his lifetime.

Fitzhamon married Sybil de Montgomery around 1087 to 1090, apparently the youngest daughter of Roger of Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury by his first wife Mabel Talvas, daughter of William I Talvas, by whom he is said to have had four daughters. His eldest daughter Mabel inherited his great estates and married Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester around 1107. Fitzhamon's Gloucestershire property thus became the nucleus of the Earldom of Gloucester later given to his son-in-law. Fitzhamon is sometimes called Earl of Gloucester, but was never so created formally.

Another daughter Isabella (or Hawisa) is said to have been married to a count from Brittany, but no further details exist. His widow and two other daughters (unnamed) are reported to have entered a convent.

Robert fitzHamon's great granddaughter Isabel of Gloucester married John of England.1

Children of Robert Fitzhamon and Sibyl de Montgomery

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Fitzhamon

Sibyl de Montgomery

F
Father*Roger the Great de Montgomery d. 1094
Mother*Mabel Talvas d. 1082
Name TypeDateDescription
Married Namebetween 1087 and 1090As of between 1087 and 1090,her married name was Fitzhamon.
Life EventDateDescription
Sibyl de Montgomery was the daughter of Roger the Great de Montgomery and Mabel Talvas.
Marriagebetween 1087 and 1090Sibyl de Montgomery married Robert Fitzhamon, son of Haimo of Kent, between 1087 and 1090.

Children of Sibyl de Montgomery and Robert Fitzhamon

Lucia Taillebois

F
Name TypeDateDescription
Married NameHer married name was le Meschin.
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageLucia Taillebois married Ranulf le Meschin, son of Ranulf de Briquessart and Margaret Goz.

Child of Lucia Taillebois and Ranulf le Meschin

Ranulf le Meschin

M, d. 1129
Father*Ranulf de Briquessart d. c 1089
Mother*Margaret Goz
Life EventDateDescription
Ranulf le Meschin was the son of Ranulf de Briquessart and Margaret Goz.
MarriageRanulf le Meschin married Lucia Taillebois.
Death1129Ranulf le Meschin died in 1129.
DateLocationDescription
Ranulf le Meschin, Ranulf de Briquessart or Ranulf I [Ranulph, Ralph] (died 1129) was a late 11th- and early 12th-century Norman magnate based in northern and central England. Originating in Bessin in Normandy, Ranulf made his career in England thanks to his kinship with Hugh d'Avranches - the earl of Chester, the patronage of kings William II Rufus and Henry I Beauclerc, and his marriage to Lucy, heiress of the Bolingbroke-Spalding estates in Lincolnshire.

Ranulf fought in Normandy on behalf of Henry I, and served the English king as a kind of semi-independent governor in the far north-west, in Cumberland and Westmorland, founding Wetheral Priory. After the death of his cousin Richard d'Avranches in the White Ship Disaster of November 1120, Ranulf became earl of the county of Chester on the Anglo-Welsh marches. He held this position for the remainder of his life, and passed the title on to his son.

Ranulf le Meschin's father and mother represented two different families of viscounts in Normandy, and both of them were strongly tied to Henry, third son of William the Conqueror.[2] His father was Ranulf de Briquessart, and likely for this reason the former Ranulf was styled le Meschin, "the younger".[3] Ranulf's father was viscount of the Bessin, the area around Bayeux.[4] Besides Odo, bishop of Bayeux, Ranulf the elder was the most powerful magnate in the Bessin region of Normandy.[5] Ranulf le Meschin's great-grandmother may even have been from the ducal family of Normandy, as le Meschin's paternal great-grandfather viscount Anschitil is known to have married a daughter of Duke Richard III.[6]

Ranulf le Meschin's mother was the daughter of Richard Goz.[2] Richard's father Thurstan Goz had become viscount of the Hiémois between 1017 and 1025,[7] while Richard himself became viscount of the Avranchin in either 1055 or 1056.[8] Her brother (Richard Goz's father) was Hugh d'Avranches "Lupus" ("the Wolf"), viscount of the Avranchin and Earl of Chester (from c. 1070).[9] Ranulf was thus, in addition to being heir to the Bessin, the nephew of one of Norman England's most powerful and prestigious families.[10]

We know from an entry in the Durham Liber Vitae, c. 1098 x 1120, that Ranulf le Meschin had an older brother named Richard (who died in youth), and a younger brother named William.[11] He had a sister called Agnes, who later married Robert de Grandmesnil (died 1136).[3]1

Child of Ranulf le Meschin and Lucia Taillebois

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranulf_le_Meschin,_3rd_Earl_of_Chester.

Ranulf de Briquessart

M, d. circa 1089
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageRanulf de Briquessart married Margaret Goz, daughter of Richard Goz.
Deathcirca 1089Ranulf de Briquessart died circa 1089.
DateLocationDescription
Ranulf de Briquessart[1] or Ranulf the Viscount (died c. 1089 or soon after) was an 11th century Norman magnate and viscount. Ranulf's family were connected to the House of Normandy by marriage, and, besides Odo, bishop of Bayeux, was the most powerful magnate in the Bessin region.[2] He married Margaret, daughter of Richard Goz, viscount of the Avranchin, whose son and successor Hugh d'Avranches became Earl of Chester in England c. 1070.[3]

Ranulf is probably the "Ranulf the viscount" who witnessed a charter of William, Duke of Normandy, at Caen on 17 June 1066.[4] Ranulf helped preside over a judgement in the curia of King William (as duke) in 1076 in which a disputed mill was awarded to the Abbey of Mont St. Michael.[5] On 14 July 1080 he witnessed a charter to the Abbey of Lessay (in the diocese of Coutances), another in the same year addressed to Remigius de Fécamp bishop of Lincoln in favour of the Abbey of Préaux.[6] and one more in the same period, 1079 x 1082, to the Abbey of St Stephen of Caen.[7] His name is attached to a memorandum in 1085, and on 24 April 1089 he witnessed a confirmation of Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy and Count of Maine to St Mary of Bayeaux, where he appears below his son in the witness list.[8]

He probably died sometime after this. His son Ranulf le Meschin became ruler of Cumberland and later Earl of Chester.[9] The Durham Liber Vitae, c. 1098 x 1120, shows that his eldest son was one Richard, who died in youth, and that he had another son named William.[10] He also had a daughter called Agnes, who later married Robert de Grandmesnil (died 1136).[9]1

Child of Ranulf de Briquessart and Margaret Goz

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranulf_de_Briquessart

Margaret Goz

F
Father*Richard Goz
Name TypeDateDescription
Married NameHer married name was de Briquessart.
Life EventDateDescription
Margaret Goz was the daughter of Richard Goz.
MarriageMargaret Goz married Ranulf de Briquessart.

Child of Margaret Goz and Ranulf de Briquessart

Richard Goz

M

Child of Richard Goz

Mabel Talvas

F, d. 1082
Father*William I Talvas b. c 995, d. a 1030
Mother*Hildeburg (?)
Name TypeDateDescription
Married NameHer married name was of Montgomery.
Name VariationMabel Talvas was also known as of Bellême.
Married NameHer married name was de Montgomery.
Life EventDateDescription
Mabel Talvas was the daughter of William I Talvas and Hildeburg (?)
MarriageMabel Talvas married Roger the Great de Montgomery, son of Roger de Montgomerie.
Death1082Mabel Talvas died in 1082.

Children of Mabel Talvas and Roger the Great de Montgomery

William I Talvas

M, b. circa 995, d. after 1030
Father*William of Bellême
Mother*Mathilde of Condé-sur-Noireau
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageWilliam I Talvas married Hildeburg (?)
Birthcirca 995William I Talvas was born circa 995.
He was the son of William of Bellême and Mathilde of Condé-sur-Noireau.
Deathafter 1030William I Talvas died after 1030.
DateLocationDescription
William I Talvas (c. 995–after 1030), seigneur of Alençon. He was a son of William of Bellême and Mathilde of Condé-sur-Noireau.

He assumed the Bellême estates upon the murder of his brother Robert, by the Sor family in revenge for the deaths of their father and brothers (Robert of Bellême had hanged them after their capture in battle). His reputation was that of a wicked man, "in all things worse than his brothers, and his wickedness has flourished to this day among his heirs."

He was married to Hildeburg, who was the mother of his son Arnulf and daughter Mabel. But his marriage was unsatisfying and he had his wife murdered on her way to church. He soon married the daughter of Rodulf the vicomte of Beaumont. Then he angered his neighbors by mutilating one William of Giroie: the Giroie family and their allies raided his lands then invested his castle in revenge. His son Arnulf quarreled with him, and he threw him out. His enemies challenged him to come out and fight, but Talvas' courage failed him and he surrendered and was exiled: the vicomte's daughter abandoned him at this point. Only his daughter Mabel stood by him. Although Arnulf got all his father's wealth and lands, it did him no good, and he was strangled one night in his sleep.

After years of wandering about, Talvas and Mabel finally were taken in by the Montgomery family. And Talvas offered his daughter to Roger of Montgomery in marriage. These were the parents of Robert of Bellême, and a numerous family of other sons and daughters (nine in all). The girls are recorded as being of high moral character, but the Bellême-Montgomery sons were "dangerous, greedy and like madmen they harmed the poor."1

Children of William I Talvas and Hildeburg (?)

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_I_Talvas

Hildeburg (?)

F
Name TypeDateDescription
Married NameHer married name was Talvas.
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageHildeburg (?) married William I Talvas, son of William of Bellême and Mathilde of Condé-sur-Noireau.

Children of Hildeburg (?) and William I Talvas

Arnulf Talvas

M
Father*William I Talvas b. c 995, d. a 1030
Mother*Hildeburg (?)
Life EventDateDescription
Arnulf Talvas was the son of William I Talvas and Hildeburg (?)

Roger the Great de Montgomery

M, d. 1094
Father*Roger de Montgomerie
Name TypeDateDescription
Name VariationRoger the Great de Montgomery was also known as of Montgomery.
Name VariationRoger the Great de Montgomery was also known as de Montgomerie.
Life EventDateDescription
Roger the Great de Montgomery was the son of Roger de Montgomerie.
MarriageRoger the Great de Montgomery married Mabel Talvas, daughter of William I Talvas and Hildeburg (?).
Death1094Roger the Great de Montgomery died in 1094.
DateLocationDescription
Roger de Montgomerie, also known as Roger the Great de Montgomery (died 1094), was the first Earl of Shrewsbury. His father was also Roger de Montgomerie, and was a relative, probably a grandnephew, of the Duchess Gunnor, wife of Duke Richard I of Normandy. The elder Roger had large holdings in central Normandy, chiefly in the valley of the Dives, which the younger Roger inherited.

Roger was one of William the Conqueror's principal counsellors. He did not fight in the initial invasion of England in 1066, instead staying behind to help govern Normandy [Some controversy here- Neil Ludlow (Pembroke Castle) states the Earl led the Norman right flank at the Battle of Hastings]. Afterwards he was entrusted with land in two places critical for the defense of England, receiving the rape of Arundel at the end of 1067 (or in early 1068), and in November 1071 he was created Earl of Shrewsbury; a few historians believe that while he received the Shropshire territories in 1071 he was not created Earl until a few years later.

Roger was thus one of the half dozen greatest magnates in England during William the Conqueror's reign. In addition to the large part of Sussex included in the Rape of Arundel, and seven-eighths of Shropshire which were associated with the earldom of Shrewsbury, he had estates in Surrey, Hampshire, Wiltshire, Middlesex, Hertfordshire, Gloucestershire, Worcestershire, Cambridgeshire, Warwickshire and Staffordshire.

After William I's death in 1087, Roger joined with other rebels to overthrow the newly crowned King William II in the Rebellion of 1088. However, William was able to convince Roger to abandon the rebellion and side with him. This worked out favourably for Roger, as the rebels were beaten and lost their land holdings in England.

Roger first married Mabel of Bellême, who was heiress to a large territory on both sides of the border between Normandy and Maine. By her he had 10 children.1

Children of Roger the Great de Montgomery and Mabel Talvas

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_de_Montgomerie,_1st_Earl_of_Shrewsbury.

Roger de Montgomerie

M

Child of Roger de Montgomerie

Isabel of Gloucester

F, b. circa 1173, d. 14 October 1217
Father*William Fitz Robert b. 23 Nov 1116, d. 23 Nov 1183
Mother*Hawise de Beaumont b. a 1120
Name TypeDateDescription
Name VariationIsabel of Gloucester was also known as Hadwisa.
Name VariationIsabel of Gloucester was also known as Hawise.
Name VariationIsabel of Gloucester was also known as de Clare.
Married Name1189As of 1189,her married name was of England.
Married Name20 January 1214As of 20 January 1214,her married name was FitzGeoffrey.
Married NameSeptember 1217As of September 1217,her married name was de Burgh.
Life EventDateDescription
Birthcirca 1173Isabel of Gloucester was born circa 1173.
She was the daughter of William Fitz Robert and Hawise de Beaumont.
Marriage1189Isabel of Gloucester married King John of England, son of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, in 1189.
Marriage20 January 1214Isabel of Gloucester married Geoffrey FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville, son of Geoffrey Fitzpeter and Beatrice de Say, on 20 January 1214.
MarriageSeptember 1217Isabel of Gloucester married Hubert de Burgh in September 1217.
Death14 October 1217Isabel of Gloucester died on 14 October 1217.
DateLocationDescription
Isabel of Gloucester (Isabel de Clare; c.1173 – 14 October 1217) was the first wife of King John of England. This historical figure is known by an exceptionally large number of alternative names: Hadwisa, Hawise, Joan, Eleanor, Avise and Avisa.

Isabel was the daughter of the William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester and his wife, Hawise. Her paternal grandfather, Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, was the illegitimate son of Henry I, King of England. Her father died in 1183 and, as he had no male heirs, his title merged in the Crown, but a new creation was granted to her in 1186 and she became Countess of Gloucester.

On 29 August 1189, she married John, Earl of Cornwall at Marlborough Castle in Wiltshire and he assumed the title in her right. Shortly before or after John's accession as King in 1199, he had the marriage annulled[citation needed] on the grounds of consanguinity (they were second cousins as descendants of King Henry I). As a result, Isabel was never recognised as Queen of England and her former title merged in the Crown.

Isabel later married Geoffrey FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville, the Earl of Essex, on 20 January 1214. He died in 1216. A year after Essex's demise she married Hugh de Burgh (later Earl of Kent) in September 1217.

Isabel died just a month later that year and was interred in Canterbury Cathedral.1
1199The marriage of Isabel of Gloucester and King John of England was annulled in 1199.

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel_of_Gloucester

William Fitz Robert

M, b. 23 November 1116, d. 23 November 1183
Father*Robert of Gloucester b. c 1090, d. 31 Oct 1147
Mother*Mabel Fitzhamon b. 1090, d. 29 Sep 1157
Life EventDateDescription
Birth23 November 1116William Fitz Robert was born on 23 November 1116.
He was the son of Robert of Gloucester and Mabel Fitzhamon.
Marriagebefore 1151William Fitz Robert married Hawise de Beaumont, daughter of Robert de Beaumont and Amica de Gael, before 1151.
Death23 November 1183William Fitz Robert died on 23 November 1183 at age 67.
DateLocationDescription
William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester (died 1183) was the son and heir of Sir Robert de Caen, 1st Earl of Gloucester, and Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester, daughter of Robert Fitzhamon.

His father was Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, an illegitimate son of King Henry I of England, thus William was a nephew of the Empress Maud and a cousin of King Stephen, the principal combatants of the English Anarchy period.

In October 1141, William looked after the Baronial estates, when his father fell into the hands of partisans at Winchester. His father was exchanged for King Stephen, and during his father's absence in Normandy in 1144 he served as Governor of Wareham. In 1147, he overthrew Henry de Tracy at Castle Cary.

In 1154 he made an alliance with Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford, by which they agreed to aid each other against all men except Henry II of England.

He was Lord of the manor of Glamorgan, as well as Caerleon, residing chiefly at Cardiff Castle. It was there that in 1158 he and his wife and son were captured by the Welsh Lord of Senghenydd, Ifor Bach ("Ivor the Little") and carried away into the woods, where they were held as prisoners until the Earl redressed Ivor's grievances.

In 1173 the earl took the King's part against his sons, but thereafter he appears to have fallen under suspicion, for the following year he submitted to the King, and in 1175 surrendered to him Bristol Castle. Because his only son and heir Robert died in 1166, Earl William made John, the younger son of King Henry II, heir to his earldom, in conformity with the King's promise that John should marry one of the Earl's daughters, if the Church would allow it, they being related in the third degree.

Earl William was present in March 1177 when the King arbitrated between the Kings of Castile and Navarre, and in 1178, he witnessed Henry's charter to Waltham Abbey. But during the King's struggles with his sons, when he imprisoned a number of magnates of whose loyalty he was doubtful, Earl William was among them.

He was married to Hawise de Beaumont of Leicester, daughter of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester and Amica de Gael and had 4 children.1

Child of William Fitz Robert and Hawise de Beaumont

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Fitz_Robert,_2nd_Earl_of_Gloucester.

Hawise de Beaumont

F, b. after 1120
Father*Robert de Beaumont b. 1104, d. 5 Apr 1168
Mother*Amica de Gael
Name TypeDateDescription
Married Namebefore 1151As of before 1151,her married name was Fitz Robert.
Life EventDateDescription
Birthafter 1120Hawise de Beaumont was born after 1120.
She was the daughter of Robert de Beaumont and Amica de Gael.
Marriagebefore 1151Hawise de Beaumont married William Fitz Robert, son of Robert of Gloucester and Mabel Fitzhamon, before 1151.

Child of Hawise de Beaumont and William Fitz Robert

Amica de Gael

F
Father*Ralph de Montfort
Name TypeDateDescription
Name VariationAmica de Gael was also known as de Montfort.
Name VariationAmica de Gael was also known as Amice.
Married Nameafter 1120As of after 1120,her married name was de Beaumont.
Life EventDateDescription
Amica de Gael was the daughter of Ralph de Montfort.
Marriageafter 1120Amica de Gael married Robert de Beaumont, son of Robert de Beaumont and Elizabeth of Vermandois, after 1120.

Children of Amica de Gael and Robert de Beaumont

Ralph de Montfort

M

Child of Ralph de Montfort

Margaret de Beaumont

F, b. after 1120
Father*Robert de Beaumont b. 1104, d. 5 Apr 1168
Mother*Amica de Gael
Name TypeDateDescription
Married NameHer married name was de Toeni.
Life EventDateDescription
Birthafter 1120Margaret de Beaumont was born after 1120.
She was the daughter of Robert de Beaumont and Amica de Gael.

Eleanor of Aquitaine

F, b. 1122, d. 1 April 1204
Father*William X of Aquitaine b. 1099, d. 9 Apr 1137
Mother*Aénor of Châtellerault b. c 1103, d. Mar 1130
Charts
Lucretia Proctor Pedigree Chart
Name TypeDateDescription
Married Name1137As of 1137,her married name was of France.
Married Name1152As of 1152,her married name was of England.
Life EventDateDescription
Birth1122Eleanor of Aquitaine was born in 1122.
She was the daughter of William X of Aquitaine and Aénor of Châtellerault.
Marriage1137Eleanor of Aquitaine married King Louis VII of France, son of King Louis VI of France and Adélaide de Maurienne, in 1137.
Marriage1152Eleanor of Aquitaine married King Henry II of England, son of Geoffrey V of Anjou and Empress Matilda of England, in 1152.
Death1 April 1204Eleanor of Aquitaine died on 1 April 1204.
DateLocationDescription
Eleanor of Aquitaine (in French: Aliénor d’Aquitaine, Éléonore de Guyenne) (1122[note 1] – 1 April 1204) was one of the wealthiest and most powerful women in Western Europe during the High Middle Ages. As well as being Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right, she was queen consort of France 1137-1152 and queen consort of England 1154-1189. She was the patroness of such literary figures as Wace, Benoît de Sainte-More, and Chrétien de Troyes.

Eleanor succeeded her father as suo jure Duchess of Aquitaine and Countess of Poitiers at the age of fifteen, and thus became the most eligible bride in Europe. Three months after her accession she married Louis VII, son and junior co-ruler of her guardian, King Louis VI. As Queen of the Franks, she participated in the unsuccessful Second Crusade. Soon after the Crusade was over, Louis VII and Eleanor agreed to dissolve their marriage, because of Eleanor's own desire for divorce and also because the only children they had were two daughters - Marie and Alix. The royal marriage was annulled on 11 March 1152, on the grounds of consanguinity within the fourth degree. Their daughters were declared legitimate and custody of them awarded to Louis, while Eleanor's lands were restored to her.

As soon as she arrived in Poitiers, Eleanor became engaged to the eleven years younger Henry II, Duke of the Normans. On 18 May 1152, eight weeks after the annulment of her first marriage, Eleanor married the Duke of the Normans. On 25 October 1154 her husband ascended the throne of the Kingdom of England, making Eleanor Queen of the English. Over the next thirteen years, she bore Henry eight children: five sons, two of whom would become king, and three daughters. However, Henry and Eleanor eventually became estranged. She was imprisoned between 1173 and 1189 for supporting her son Henry's revolt against her husband, King Henry II.

Eleanor was widowed on 6 July 1189. Her husband was succeeded by their son, Richard the Lionheart, who immediately moved to release his mother. Now queen mother, Eleanor acted as a regent for her son while he went off on the Third Crusade. Eleanor survived her son Richard and lived well into the reign of her youngest son King John. By the time of her death she had outlived all of her children except for King John and Eleanor, Queen of Castile.1
1152The marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine and King Louis VII of France was annulled in 1152.

Children of Eleanor of Aquitaine and King Henry II of England

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_of_Aquitaine

Richard I of England

M, b. 8 September 1157, d. 6 April 1199
Father*King Henry II of England b. 5 Mar 1133, d. 6 Jul 1189
Mother*Eleanor of Aquitaine b. 1122, d. 1 Apr 1204
Life EventDateDescription
Birth8 September 1157Richard I of England was born on 8 September 1157.
He was the son of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
Death6 April 1199Richard I of England died on 6 April 1199 at age 41.
DateLocationDescription
Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 6 July 1189 until his death in 1199. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Lord of Ireland, Lord of Cyprus, Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Count of Nantes and Overlord of Brittany at various times during the same period. He was known as Cœur de Lion, or Richard the Lionheart, even before his accession, because of his reputation as a great military leader and warrior.[1] The Muslims (referred to as Saracens at the time) called him Melek-Ric or Malek al-Inkitar (King of England).[2]

By age 16, Richard was commanding his own army, putting down rebellions in Poitou against his father, King Henry II.[1] Richard was a central Christian commander during the Third Crusade, effectively leading the campaign after the departure of Philip Augustus and scoring considerable victories against his Muslim counterpart, Saladin.[3][4]

While he spoke very little English and spent very little time in England (he lived in his Duchy of Aquitaine, in the southwest of France), preferring to use his kingdom as a source of revenue to support his armies,[5] he was seen as a pious hero by his subjects.[6] He remains one of the very few Kings of England remembered by his epithet, not number, and is an enduring, iconic figure in England.[5]1

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_I_of_England

Rhys the Hoarse Gryg

M, d. 1234
Life EventDateDescription
Death1234Rhys the Hoarse Gryg died in 1234.

Child of Rhys the Hoarse Gryg

William de Briwere

M, b. circa 1145, d. 1226
Father*Henry de Briwere b. c 1114, d. a 1165
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageWilliam de Briwere married Beatrice de Vaux.
Birthcirca 1145William de Briwere was born circa 1145.
He was the son of Henry de Briwere.
Death1226William de Briwere died in 1226.

Child of William de Briwere and Beatrice de Vaux

Beatrice de Vaux

F, b. circa 1149, d. 1216
Name TypeDateDescription
Married NameHer married name was de Briwere.
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageBeatrice de Vaux married William de Briwere, son of Henry de Briwere.
Birthcirca 1149Beatrice de Vaux was born circa 1149.
Death1216She died in 1216.

Child of Beatrice de Vaux and William de Briwere

John FitzGilbert the Marshal

M, b. circa 1105, d. 1165
Father*Gilbert Giffard
Life EventDateDescription
Birthcirca 1105John FitzGilbert the Marshal was born circa 1105.
He was the son of Gilbert Giffard.
Marriagebefore 1141John FitzGilbert the Marshal married Aline Pipard before 1141.
Marriage1141John FitzGilbert the Marshal married Sibyl of Salisbury, daughter of Walter of Salisbury and Sibilla de Chaworth, in 1141.
Death1165John FitzGilbert the Marshal died in 1165.
DateLocationDescription
John FitzGilbert the Marshal (Marechal) (c. 1105 – 1165) was a minor Anglo-Norman nobleman during the reign of King Stephen, and fought in the 12th century civil war on the side of the Empress Matilda. Since at least 1130 and probably earlier, he had been the royal marshal to King Henry I. When Henry died, John FitzGilbert swore for Stephen and was granted the castles of Marlborough and Ludgershall, Wiltshire during this time. Along with Hamstead Marshal, this gave him control of the valley of the River Kennet in Wiltshire. Around 1139, John changed sides and swore for the Empress Matilda. In September 1141, Matilda fled the siege of Winchester and took refuge in the Marshal's castle at Ludgershall. While covering her retreat from Winchester, John Marshal was forced to take refuge at Wherwell Abbey. The attackers set fire to the building, and John lost an eye to dripping lead from the melting roof.

In 1152, John had a legendary confrontation with King Stephen, who had besieged him at Newbury Castle. After John had broken an agreement to surrender, Stephen threatened to kill his son, whom John had given as a hostage. John refused, saying he could make more sons, but Stephen apparently took pity on the young boy and did not kill him. The boy grew up to be William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, a legendary figure in medieval lore, and one of the most powerful men in England.

The office of Lord Marshal, which originally related to the keeping of the King's horses, and later, the head of his household troops, was won as a hereditary title by John, and was passed to his eldest son, and later claimed by William. John also had a daughter, Margaret Marshal, married Ralph de Somery, son of John de Somery and Hawise de Paynell.

John was the son of Gilbert Giffard (Royal Serjeant and Marshal to Henry I). In 1141, John arranged an annullment of his marriage to Aline Pipard in order to marry Sibyl of Salisbury, the sister of Patrick of Salisbury, who had been a local rival of his, and a supporter of King Stephen, up to that point. John had two sons by Aline - Gilbert and Walter. Walter predeceased his father and Gilbert died shortly after inheriting his father's lands.

John's eldest son by Sybilla of Salisbury, also called John Marshal (died 1194), inherited the title of Marshal, which he held until his death. The title was then granted by King Richard the Lionheart to his second son by Sybilla, William, who made the name and title famous. Though he had started out as a younger son without inheritance, by the time he actually inherited the title his reputation as a soldier and statesman was unmatched across Western Europe. John Marshal had four sons in total by his second wife. As well as John and William, there was Henry, who went on to become Bishop of Exeter, and Ancel, who served as a knight in the household of his kinsman, Rotrou, Count of Perche.1
1141The marriage of John FitzGilbert the Marshal and Aline Pipard was annulled in 1141.

Children of John FitzGilbert the Marshal and Aline Pipard

Children of John FitzGilbert the Marshal and Sibyl of Salisbury

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Marshal_(Earl_Marshal).

Sibyl of Salisbury

F
Father*Walter of Salisbury
Mother*Sibilla de Chaworth
Name TypeDateDescription
Name VariationSibyl of Salisbury was also known as Sybilla.
Married Name1141As of 1141,her married name was Marshal.
Life EventDateDescription
Sibyl of Salisbury was the daughter of Walter of Salisbury and Sibilla de Chaworth.
Marriage1141Sibyl of Salisbury married John FitzGilbert the Marshal, son of Gilbert Giffard, in 1141.

Children of Sibyl of Salisbury and John FitzGilbert the Marshal

John Marshal

M, b. before 1146, d. 1194
Father*John FitzGilbert the Marshal b. c 1105, d. 1165
Mother*Sibyl of Salisbury
Life EventDateDescription
Birthbefore 1146John Marshal was born before 1146.
He was the son of John FitzGilbert the Marshal and Sibyl of Salisbury.
Death1194John Marshal died in 1194.

Gilbert Giffard

M

Child of Gilbert Giffard

Aline Pipard

F
Name TypeDateDescription
Married Namebefore 1141As of before 1141,her married name was Marshal.
Life EventDateDescription
Marriagebefore 1141Aline Pipard married John FitzGilbert the Marshal, son of Gilbert Giffard, before 1141.
DateLocationDescription
1141The marriage of Aline Pipard and John FitzGilbert the Marshal was annulled in 1141.

Children of Aline Pipard and John FitzGilbert the Marshal

Gilbert Marshal

M, b. before 1141
Father*John FitzGilbert the Marshal b. c 1105, d. 1165
Mother*Aline Pipard
Life EventDateDescription
Birthbefore 1141Gilbert Marshal was born before 1141.
He was the son of John FitzGilbert the Marshal and Aline Pipard.

Walter Marshal

M, b. before 1141
Father*John FitzGilbert the Marshal b. c 1105, d. 1165
Mother*Aline Pipard
Life EventDateDescription
Birthbefore 1141Walter Marshal was born before 1141.
He was the son of John FitzGilbert the Marshal and Aline Pipard.

Henry Marshal

M, b. after 1146
Father*John FitzGilbert the Marshal b. c 1105, d. 1165
Mother*Sibyl of Salisbury
Life EventDateDescription
Birthafter 1146Henry Marshal was born after 1146.
He was the son of John FitzGilbert the Marshal and Sibyl of Salisbury.

Ancel Marshal

M, b. after 1146
Father*John FitzGilbert the Marshal b. c 1105, d. 1165
Mother*Sibyl of Salisbury
Life EventDateDescription
Birthafter 1146Ancel Marshal was born after 1146.
He was the son of John FitzGilbert the Marshal and Sibyl of Salisbury.

Walter of Salisbury

M
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageWalter of Salisbury married Sibilla de Chaworth.

Children of Walter of Salisbury and Sibilla de Chaworth

Sibilla de Chaworth

F
Name TypeDateDescription
Married NameHer married name was of Salisbury.
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageSibilla de Chaworth married Walter of Salisbury.

Children of Sibilla de Chaworth and Walter of Salisbury

Patrick of Salisbury

M, b. circa 1122, d. 1168
Father*Walter of Salisbury
Mother*Sibilla de Chaworth
Life EventDateDescription
Birthcirca 1122Patrick of Salisbury was born circa 1122.
He was the son of Walter of Salisbury and Sibilla de Chaworth.
Death1168Patrick of Salisbury died in 1168.
DateLocationDescription
Patrick of Salisbury, 1st Earl of Salisbury (c. 1122 - 1168) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman, and the uncle of the famous William Marshal.

His parents were Walter of Salisbury and Sibilla de Chaworth.[1] Before 1141, Patrick was constable of Salisbury, a powerful local official but not a nobleman. That year, Patrick married his sister to John fitzGilbert the Marshal, who had been a local rival of his, and transferred his allegiance from King Stephen to the Empress Matilda. This political move gained him his earldom, and the friendship of John the Marshal, who was to send his younger son William to stay with him. It was in his household where the famous Marshal first learned about knighthood.

The Earl of Salisbury also minted his own coins, struck in the county town of Salisbury during the so called "baronial issues" of 1135-1153. Only four examples have survived, three of which are in the Conte collection.

Patrick married twice,[2] his second wife being Ela, daughter of William III Talvas, Duke of Alençon and Ponthieu, whom he married in 1149. They had a son, William in about 1150[1] and three others, including Walter and Philip.[2]

He was killed at Poitiers, France on March 27, 1168 in an ambush by forces of Guy of Lusignan.[1]1

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_of_Salisbury,_1st_Earl_of_Salisbury.

Hugh IX de Lusignan

M
Father*Hugh VIII de Lusignan b. c 1141, d. 1169
Mother*Orengarde (?)
Charts
Lucretia Proctor Pedigree Chart
Life EventDateDescription
Hugh IX de Lusignan was the son of Hugh VIII de Lusignan and Orengarde (?)
DateLocationDescription
Hugh IX the Brown of Lusignan (1163 or 1168 – 5 November 1219)[1] was the grandson of Hugh VIII. His father, also Hugh (b. c. 1141), was the co-seigneur of Lusignan from 1164, marrying a woman named Orengarde before 1162 or about 1167 and dying in 1169. Hugh IX became seigneur of Lusignan in 1172, seigneur of Couhe and Chateau-Larcher in the 1190s, and Count of La Marche (as Hugh IV) by marriage in 1203. Hugh IX died on the Fifth Crusade at Damietta on 5 November 1219.

Hugh IX is mentioned under the pseudonym Maracdes ("Emerald") in two poems by the troubadour Gaucelm Faidit, according to the Occitan razós to these poems.

His first wife was Agathe de Preuilly, daughter of Peter (Pierre) II de Preuilly and Aenor de Mauleon. Their marriage was annulled in 1189. His second wife, married c. 1189, was Mathilde of Angoulême (1181 – 1233), daughter of Wulgrim III, Count of Angouleme and Count of La Marche (brother of count Aymer/Adhemar Taillifer). He had two known children:

Hugh X of Lusignan. Although traditionally given as son of Matilde, he married Isabella of Angoulême, her first cousin. Since such a marriage would have been within prohibited degrees, it has been deduced that he was son of Agathe.
Agathe of Lusignan, married c. 1220 Geoffroi V Seigneur de Pons.1

Child of Hugh IX de Lusignan

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_IX_of_Lusignan

Hugh VIII de Lusignan

M, b. circa 1141, d. 1169
Charts
Lucretia Proctor Pedigree Chart (#1)
Lucretia Proctor Pedigree Chart (#2)
Life EventDateDescription
Birthcirca 1141Hugh VIII de Lusignan was born circa 1141.
Marriagecirca 1162He married Orengarde (?) circa 1162.
Death1169Hugh VIII de Lusignan died in 1169.

Children of Hugh VIII de Lusignan and Orengarde (?)

Orengarde (?)

F
Charts
Lucretia Proctor Pedigree Chart (#1)
Lucretia Proctor Pedigree Chart (#2)
Name TypeDateDescription
Married Namecirca 1162As of circa 1162,her married name was de Lusignan.
Life EventDateDescription
Marriagecirca 1162Orengarde (?) married Hugh VIII de Lusignan circa 1162.

Children of Orengarde (?) and Hugh VIII de Lusignan

Alice De Bohun

F
Father*Humphrey IV De Bohun b. c 1208, d. 24 Sep 1275
Mother*Maud de Lusignan b. 1210, d. 14 Aug 1241
Name TypeDateDescription
Married NameHer married name was de Toeni.
Life EventDateDescription
Alice De Bohun was the daughter of Humphrey IV De Bohun and Maud de Lusignan.
MarriageAlice De Bohun married Roger V de Toeni.

Child of Alice De Bohun and Roger V de Toeni

Roger V de Toeni

M
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageRoger V de Toeni married Alice De Bohun, daughter of Humphrey IV De Bohun and Maud de Lusignan.

Child of Roger V de Toeni and Alice De Bohun

Walter Marshal

M, b. 1196, d. 24 November 1245
Father*William Marshal b. 1146, d. 14 May 1219
Mother*Isabel de Clare b. 1172, d. 1220
Life EventDateDescription
Birth1196Walter Marshal was born in 1196.
He was the son of William Marshal and Isabel de Clare.
Marriage6 January 1242Walter Marshal married Margaret de Quincy, daughter of Robert de Quincy and Hawise of Chester, on 6 January 1242.
Death24 November 1245Walter Marshal died on 24 November 1245.
DateLocationDescription
Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke (1196 – 24 November 1245), was the fourth son of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke who succeeded his childless brother Gilbert as the 5th Earl of Pembroke and Earl Marshal of England in 1242 a year after the latter's death. He also held the titles of Lord of Striguil and Lord of Leinster.

Walter was born in 1196, the fourth son and one of the ten children of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke suo jure. His mother was the only surviving legitimate child of Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, known to history as "Strongbow" and Aoife of Leinster, therefore she was one of the wealthiest heiresses in the kingdom when she married Walter's father. Upon William Marshal's death in 1219, the earldom passed in succession to Walter's three elder brothers, William, Richard, and Gilbert, all of whom died childless. The latter was killed at a tournament on 27 June 1241[1] when his horse threw him and his foot caught in the stirrups. He was dragged for some distance and died of his injuries.[2]Walter was present at the tournament, therefore had witnessed his brother's death.[3] As Gilbert had just one illegitimate daughter Isabel by an unknown mistress, Walter became the next earl of Pembroke. He did not succeed to his titles until 1242 due to King Henry III's anger towards Walter for having disobeyed royal orders which had forbidden tournaments on the grounds that he did not want any of his subjects killing one another in sport.[4] Walter who had attended the tournament which had killed Gilbert shared in his brother's guilt, so had to wait a year before he was invested with the earldom and hereditary post of Earl Marshal. That same year he accompanied King Henry to Gascony.

On 6 January 1242 Walter married Margaret de Quincy, Countess of Lincoln suo jure, the wealthy widow of John de Lacy, 1st Earl of Lincoln and the mother of two children. Margaret did not bear Walter any children, and when he died suddenly at Goodrich Castle on 24 November 1245, the earldom passed to his younger brother, Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke, who followed him to the grave a month later. Like his four elder brothers, Anselm was also childless. Walter's widow, Margaret received a dower third from the Pembroke earldom and lordships, and as such she controlled most of the extensive Pembroke estates as her third outweighed the individual holdings of the 13 different co-heirs of his five sisters.

Walter Marshal was buried at Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire.1

Citations

  1. [S369] Encyclopedia website, by compilation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Marshal,_5th_Earl_of_Pembroke.

Ralph VII de Toeni

M, b. 1255, d. 1295
Father*Roger V de Toeni
Mother*Alice De Bohun
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageRalph VII de Toeni married Mary (?)
Birth1255Ralph VII de Toeni was born in 1255.
He was the son of Roger V de Toeni and Alice De Bohun.
Death1295Ralph VII de Toeni died in 1295.

Children of Ralph VII de Toeni and Mary (?)

Mary (?)

F
Name TypeDateDescription
Married NameHer married name was de Toeni.
Life EventDateDescription
MarriageMary (?) married Ralph VII de Toeni, son of Roger V de Toeni and Alice De Bohun.

Children of Mary (?) and Ralph VII de Toeni

Robert de Toeni

M, b. 4 April 1276, d. 1309
Father*Ralph VII de Toeni b. 1255, d. 1295
Mother*Mary (?)
Life EventDateDescription
Birth4 April 1276Robert de Toeni was born on 4 April 1276.
He was the son of Ralph VII de Toeni and Mary (?)
Death1309Robert de Toeni died in 1309.

Thomas Leybourne

M, d. May 1307
Father*Sir William Leybourne
Life EventDateDescription
Thomas Leybourne was the son of Sir William Leybourne.
Marriage1300Thomas Leybourne married Alice de Toeni, daughter of Ralph VII de Toeni and Mary (?), in 1300.
DeathMay 1307Thomas Leybourne died in May 1307.